Tuesday, November 12, 2013

CDR IPCC


Sunday, November 03, 2013

BREAKTHROUGH DOCUMENTARY EXPOSES SEVERE ARCTIC METHANE THREAT

by Gary Houser


BREAKTHROUGH DOCUMENTARY EXPOSES SEVERE ARCTIC METHANE THREAT:
Climate Movement Must Grasp Danger Beyond Human-Generated Carbon

"Last Hours expertly explains how we got here, and what will happen if we don't work together to stop it. It is a needed and urgent call to action."
— Former Vice-President Al Gore [1]
"In the 18th century, Edmund Burke wrote, 'Those who don't know history are destined to repeat it.' Many years later, Last Hours makes clear how much we have to learn from our planet's history to truly understand the potent threat of trapped methane."
— Maggie Fox, President, Climate Reality Project (started by Al Gore) [2]
“It's not clear that civilization could survive that extreme of a climate change.”
— world renowned climate scientist James Hansen, referring to the devastating level of global warming that could result from a major release of super greenhouse gas methane [3]
The climate movement has come a long way. Despite vociferous opposition from the wealthiest corporations on earth, it has refused to be relegated to the sideline and by sheer determination has forged a path into public consciousness. A major coalition has formed in opposition to the tar sands pipeline, and many good-hearted people are giving their all - including nonviolent civil disobedience - in spirited resistance. This writer is a part of that movement.

A Larger Carbon Threat Beyond Human-Generated Emissions -
It is absolutely necessary to continue the struggle to rein in human-generated emissions of carbon dioxide. But what has been missing in this movement is an awareness that these emissions are now on track to trigger a release of an even larger and more potent reservoir of greenhouse gases that has until now been locked in ice. This colossal stockpile of frozen ancient organic matter contains at least four times as much carbon as the sum total that has been released by human activity on the planet since the beginning of the industrial age. [4] As a significant portion is being stored in the form of methane - a super global warming gas that is a stunning 72 times more powerful than CO2 [5], scientists refer to this huge threat as a "sleeping giant". If major amounts thaw and release into the atmosphere, global warming would accelerate to the crossing of a tipping point - whereby the process becomes a runaway train and there is no longer hope for human intervention.

The Role of Methane in Earth's Mass Extinction Events -
Large scale methane release would speed all the worst impacts of climate disruption - severe drought, sea level rise, storms, flooding, wildfires, and forced migration of refugees - causing them to occur much sooner and on a more intense scale than currently projected. Some of that impact is described in an article published by the highly respected science journal Nature. [6] As if that level of devastation is not enough, it is even more disturbing is to contemplate where the crossing of this tipping point might lead. The prevailing opinion in the scientific community is that the release of super potent methane has played a central role in two of the most devastating mass extinction events in the history of earth - the End-Permian and the PETM. In the End-Permian, a mind-boggling 90 percent of all life forms on the planet were wiped out.

The scientific inquiry into the cause of this horrendous wipe-out has been portrayed in an under-publicized but extremely important documentary by the BBC entitled "The Day Earth Nearly Died". [7] The "short version" is that a tremendous, unprecedented series of volcanic eruptions in Siberia released enough carbon dioxide to drive earth's temperature up six degrees C (celsius). This radical increase then warmed the world's polar regions enough to thaw previously frozen methane. Evidence points to the heat from this super global warming gas driving temperatures up another five degrees C and causing the horrific wipe-out.

fish skeleton on parched soil, credit: Will Sherman
An Imperative Need to Communicate the Danger -
Politically neutral global organizations such as the World Bank and the International Energy Agency (IEA) are vehemently warning that the world is already on track for a five degree C warming by the end of the century. [8] Human-generated emissions are now pushing as much carbon pollution into the atmosphere as the Siberian volcanoes. This begs the obvious and deeply troubling question: Is the stage being set for another massive release of nature's own currently frozen carbon?

Methane plumes rising from the seafloor
Ominous Signs that Methane Thaw Is Already Starting -
As temperature increases are occuring more rapidly in the Arctic than anywhere on earth, the ice cover is now in a state of collapse from massive melting. It is widely known that in 2012 the record for ice loss was not just broken but shattered. As a result, that which has been called "permafrost" is no longer "permanent". On land, the tundra soil is progressively thawing - releasing both CO2 and methane. Key researchers are warning that an irreversible tipping point could come as soon as 15 or 20 years. [9] Even worse, it appears that as the upper layer of tundra thaws and exposure to sunlight is increased, a chemical reaction is increasing the speed: "....sunlight increases bacterial conversion of exposed soil carbon into carbon dioxide gas by at least 40 percent compared to carbon that remains in the dark." [10]

Vast amounts of of methane are also stored in frozen form in the sea. Whereas methane from the deep ocean oxidizes and is neutralized before it reaches the surface, the shallow seabeds along Arctic coastlines allow it to vent directly into the atmosphere. Russian researchers that have been monitoring the situation since the 1990s are now reporting "astonishment" at the vast scale of methane plumes being observed along the Siberian coast. Some of these plumes are a full kilometer wide - something never encountered before. [11] Other researchers from NASA are using aircraft to measure methane emissions entering the atmosphere and are reporting troubling increases. [12]

In other words, the date for a tipping point of no return has been moved up. The danger of climate disruption spinning out of human control is already staring us in the face.

A Breakthrough Documentary Finally Opening the Doors of Awareness -
It is imperative that this level of urgency be conveyed to government policymakers. For several years, a small but determined network of climate activists - backed by scientists engaged in cutting edge research - has been trying to sound the alarm about this catastrophic threat. Their efforts until now have largely been stymied by a combination of psychological denial regarding the severity of the danger, a seeming inability by the climate movement to look beyond the immediate battles regarding human-generated carbon emissions, and an almost paralyzing bureaucratic inertia within a scientific establishment failing to keep pace with the dizzying speed of climate disruption.

In this context, there has been a most welcome new development. Thanks to Thom Hartmann, Leila Conners and the Tree Media production group, a breakthrough documentary has been created which conveys this immense danger in no uncertain terms. [13] Solidly grounded on interviews with leading scientists and laced with visuals that drive the point home, "Last Hours" packs a big punch within the brief space of only 10 minutes.

This is the bullet point message on the home page of its website:
  • Underground, underwater and below the ice.
  • A time bomb is ticking.
  • Scientists are seeing the evidence.
  • Runaway climate change could be closer than we think. 
It is one of the first documentaries on climate that takes an unflinching look at the most colossal mass extinction events in the history of earth and points out how such devastation was related to severe climate change. It then looks at the tremendous level of climate disruption happening at the present time - which is occurring at a speed without any precedent in earth history, and refuses to shirk from using the same dreaded "e word" of extinction to describe the danger we face today.



Keystone XL Pipeline protest - photo taken Feb 13, 2013 - from: flickr.com/photos/tarsandsaction/ 
In response to this invaluable program, there are now very positive signs that this recognition is finally taking place. In addition to the strong endorsements at the beginning of this commentary by Al Gore and Maggie Fox, the leaders of two other key climate groups add their voices:
"Last Hours is a captivating, extremely compelling appeal meant to awaken politicians and business leaders to take climate change action and stop runaway catastrophic climate change. Few films have managed to capture the sense of urgency as well as Last Hours. In the context of science telling us that emissions need to peak by 2015 and then come down, and with politicians doing little to reflect this urgency, this is a much needed asset for the climate movement." [14]
— Kumi Naidoo, International Director, Greenpeace International
"Last Hours is an alarming video that captures the state of emergency we face with climate disruption--yet at the same time we must recognize that there is real hope: the clean energy industry is rapidly growing, we are making headway in reducing carbon pollution, and by working together we can turn things around." [15]
— Michael Brune, Executive Director, Sierra Club
A Threat Comparable to Nuclear War -
The threat to our society represented by nuclear war can be grasped through the dramatic imagery of an atomic fireball, its devastation instantaneous. The threat from a climate catastrophe is no less sweeping, but actually more insidious as it would be a slow motion holocaust. Its impacts will gradually encircle humanity until the trap is sprung, at which time there is no escape.

Lying in wait in the Arctic is a volume of carbon that could easily push global temperatures so high as to threaten all life on earth. The three word phrase "irreversible tipping point" is easy to say but immensely challenging to truly comprehend. It is the point when colossal natural forces take over, when human civilization is rendered a helpless witness to its own destruction - a moment in time with supremely profound moral implications.

Who stands up for the children? - screenshot from children against climate change protest video
"The eyes of the future are looking back at us and they are praying for us to see beyond our own time. They are kneeling with hands clasped that we might act with restraint, that we might leave room for the life that is destined to come." 
— Terry Tempest Williams [16]
A Prayer from the Future -
The author has written a more in depth commentary on the existential threat presented by methane and the failure until now by our society to come to terms with it. [17] But it is ultimately a point where words fail to do justice. How can one describe the un-surpassable tragedy of the entire precious gift of life on this planet being decimated before our very eyes? In the words of ecological ethicist David Orr: “Climate destabilization, like nuclear war, has the potential to destroy all human life on Earth and in effect murder the future'......Willfully caused extinction is a crime that as yet has no name.”

It is now clear that the thaw and release of the "carbon bomb" in the Arctic has begun and is expanding. It is not just about the tar sands pipeline and human-generated carbon pollution, it is the monstrous beast in the Arctic that could be triggered by these pollutants. The climate movement - which has now spread world-wide - is the last and only hope for our society. Its passion must be brought to bear on this over-arching danger, its eyes fully opened if humanity is to even have a chance to act before it is too late.

The reaction of some of the leadership of this movement to "Last Hours" is a sign of hope. But that recognition must be rapidly disseminated and integrated by the grassroots base. There is a compelling need for wide circulation of this documentary. We must all break through our natural denial regarding a threat of this magnitude and find the strength to face it. In the words of a poem entitled "Invocation" by John Seed:
"Fill us with a sense of immense time so that our brief, flickering lives may truly reflect the work
of vast ages past and also the millions of years of evolution whose potential lies in our trembling hands." [18]

Time is running out - by Louis Afonso

SOURCE LINKS
  1. Press release: Last Hours Film Raises Issue Of Global-Warming-Induced Extinction ...
  2. Same as # 1
  3. James Hansen - Humanity Cannot "Adapt" - YouTube (brief clip from interview for documentary "Arctic Methane: Why the Sea Ice Matters")
  4. Is Arctic Permafrost the "Sleeping Giant" of Climate Change? - NASA ...
  5. Global-warming potential - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  6. Methane meltdown: The Arctic timebomb that ... - The Independent
  7. "The Day Earth Nearly Died" (BBC documentary) : http://youtu.be/4dhNEAu4wDo
  8. IEA's Bombshell Warning: We're Headed Toward 11°F Global ...
  9. NSIDC bombshell: Thawing permafrost feedback will turn Arctic from ...
  10. Thawing Permafrost May Be 'Huge Factor' in Global Warming ...
  11. Vast methane 'plumes' seen in Arctic ocean as sea ice retreats ...
  12. Danger from the deep: New climate threat as methane rises from ...
  13. Link to website and video "Last Hours": www.lasthours.org
  14. Same as # 1
  15. Same as # 1
  16. Quote by Terry Tempest Williams: The eyes of the ... - Goodreads
  17. Arctic News: HISTORIC KILLER METHANE COULD ERUPT FROM ...
  18. An excerpt from Pass It On - Spirituality & Practice

Saturday, August 31, 2013

draft2

HISTORIC KILLER METHANE COULD ERUPT FROM ARCTIC: 
The Severity of the Threat and the Tragic Moral Failure to Address It


1946 famine in China
{Disclaimer: The threat of climate catastrophe is not a "pretty" concept. As impacts begin to intensify, there will be much real suffering and some photos included in this commentary are representative of this reality and the danger forcing itself upon us. They are intended for grown-ups, whose most important responsibility is to protect the future of their children. Some of these images are not intended for children.}

PART TWO -

The Barriers Blocking Adequate Warning and Understanding -
The impact of climate disruption on humanity has been called an "inconvenient truth". It has been described as causing extreme weather, giant storms, record flooding, expanded drought, and rampant wild fires. But all such descriptions utterly fail to convey the full scope of the horrendous wipe-out now looming over us all. "Connecting the dots" reveals a threat of such sweeping magnitude to our entire future existence that it is very difficult to accept into our consciousness. A psychological defense mechanism within us all drives an extremely potent internal barrier.

Chief among the external barriers is the inordinate power of the fossil fuel industry. Our government - which is supposed to act in defense of the public interest - is not taking strong enough action because of the influence wielded by the wealthiest corporations on earth. It is no secret that the right wing extremist Tea Party was bankrolled by this industry in order to push the Republican stance into an obstructionist position on climate. It has also placed massive funding behind a widespread media blitz attacking the credibility of the science community. The strong pre-existing inclination toward denial has only been exacerbated by the disinformation campaign of the carbon pollution profiteers. But the failure to provide warning is more insidious when it can be observed even among those elements of society one would assume are tasked with this responsibility.

The Failure of Mass Media -
The U.S. mass media in particular has failed to move beyond superficial slogans and engage in a penetrating investigation into the depth of the climate crisis. To not even raise the climate issue during the presidential campaign was outrageous and indefensible. Investigative reporters should be intensively pursuing the Arctic methane story and bringing it to the attention of the prime time news outlets. They are not.

One of the greatest challenges regarding the climate emergency is that public consciousness must shift BEFORE a tipping point is reached whereby it is no longer possible to reverse course. If this shift fails to happen in time, humanity would likely be placed in a helpless position. One of the great benefits offered by the video medium is that a fictional event can be so vividly simulated on screen as to make the viewer feel like he or she is truly "experiencing" it. In 1983, there was a major television event called "The Day After". In prime time, heavily publicized in advance, and using well known "Hollywood" actors, a national TV audience of over 100 million "experienced" the horror that would be entailed in a nuclear holocaust. [1]

The nation's leading policymakers - including even the president - were profoundly affected. In former President Reagan's autobiography, he wrote that the film was "very effective and left me greatly depressed," and that it actually changed his mind about the prevailing policy on nuclear war. [2] Many give credit to that "experience" as being the turning point when public opinion turned solidly against the continuation of the nuclear arms race between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. Four years after the broadcast, a nuclear treaty was signed with the Soviet Union. A brief clip from that film serves as an example of the power of the video medium to simulate disaster: [3]

Nagasaki, Japonia, 9 august 1945
This time the threat is not from the immediate destruction of an atomic fireball but rather a slow motion holocaust - a gradual but inexorable decimation of the conditions for life on this planet. Gathering force step by step, it would be even more insidious as the momentum would build until the inescapable trap is finally sprung.

Climate breakdown is not quite as "black and white" as a nuclear explosion, but with good preparation and script-writing it can be portrayed. The TV networks could be developing a film comparable to "The Day After". They could be dedicating comparable resources to another major television event with the goal of making a global climate catastrophe more tangible and more "real" to another large national audience. They are not.

How the Scientific Community Is Falling Short -
The scientific community of course deserves much credit for the huge amount of research and education it has provided on climate. But so much institutional attention has been focused on the issue of human-generated global warming (from carbon dioxide emissions), that it has been extremely slow to make the shift toward recognizing the tremendous threat presented by the vast stockpile of nature's own greenhouse gases being stored in the polar regions.

There is also a structural reason that the scientific community is failing to communicate to policymakers how dire our situation has actually become. The primary documents produced by the world's scientists which are supposed to guide government policy decisions are the periodic reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). But these reports are being compromised by two severe problems. One is the very slow and un-necessarily cumbersome internal process by which new scientific information is incorporated. There can be a three year lag time before cutting edge science is integrated into mainstream literature.

A classic example is the tremendous threat from thawing Arctic permafrost (both sea-based and land-based). As most major revelations have come within the last three years, initial drafts indicate that the new IPCC report - due to be released later this year - is not even going to address this issue in any meaningful way. Some Arctic scientists are speaking up for its inclusion, as reflected in a document prepared for the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP):
"The potential hazards of carbon dioxide and methane emissions from warming permafrost are not included in current climate-prediction models. 'This report seeks to communicate to climate treaty negotiators, policy makers, and the general public the implications of continuing to ignore the challenges of warming permafrost,' said U.N. Under-Secretary General and UNEP Executive Director Achim Steiner.....'Anthropogenic emissions targets in the climate change treaty need to account for these emissions or we risk overshooting the 2 degrees Celsius maximum warming target,' Schaefer added." [4]
IPCC meeting
At a time of approaching tipping points, such lag time is exceedingly dangerous. Making matters even worse is the second major structural problem. Government political entities have actually been given the power to review and "approve" the science that is released to policymakers and the public. This has created an opening for vested interests to pressure their governments to refrain from language conveying urgency, often resulting in excessively watered down statements and overly conservative predictions. Another classic example: The IPCC projected that the all-important Arctic ice collapse would not occur until the year 2100, and yet such is already pressing upon us.

British climate feedback expert David Wasdell decries what he calls a "grossly inappropriate" process:
The initial language of an IPCC report "has to be passed through a conference of the agencies of the governments, and if they don't like it because it affects their particular country .... they will veto it. So what comes out - particularly in the Summary for Policymakers - is that which is 'acceptable' ...... from science that is about six years out of date, and that becomes the basis for negotiation and decision-making. It is grossly inappropriate....... There are many pressures ..... not least the enormous profits that continue to be made from fossil fuels."
A critically important and eloquent critique of the IPCC process is available in a video interview with Wasdell. [5]

A stunning real-life example of such suppression of science occurred during preparation of the last report in 2007. According to the Washington Post, the U.S. actually removed language calling for emission reduction:
"Some sections of a grim scientific assessment of the impact of global warming on human, animal and plant life issued in Brussels yesterday were softened at the insistence of officials from China and the United States ...... U.S. negotiators managed to eliminate language in one section that called for cuts in greenhouse gas emissions." [6]
It is frightening that an imminent danger of such sweeping magnitude is in the process of being completely ignored in the new IPCC report to the world. If left uncorrected, this report would not be updated for six more years and policymakers would continue to not be properly informed during the only window of time that may be available to avert catastrophe. There should be a hue and cry from the entire scientific community to not allow this. Presently, it is failing to do so.

It is also true that the scientific tradition of seeking absolute "proof" - normally a good thing - in this case works against the best interest of society. By the time there is "absolute" proof that a major methane release or even a "runaway" situation is imminent, it will very likely be too late to stop it.

A much more complete statement by this writer addressing the failure of the scientific community to provide adequate warning is available here. [7] The full weight of the world scientific community should be placed behind an emphatic warning based on the precautionary principle and a moral imperative to act preventatively NOW before a tipping point is crossed.

Smokestacks - image courtesy of worradmu/ FreeDigitalPhotos.net

"They who dig a hole and scoop it out
fall into the pit they have made.
The trouble they cause recoils on themselves;
their violence comes down on their own heads."

- Biblical book of Psalms 7


"The earth dries up and withers.....
The earth is defiled by its people ....
They have ....... broken the everlasting covenant.
Therefore a curse consumes the earth."

- Biblical book of Isaiah 24

Drought in Maharastra, India. Photo credit: actionaidusa.org

The Failure of the Religious Community -
The failure of the multi-faith religious community is especially grievous, as it is the segment of society which has willfully taken on the responsibility of providing moral guidance. At a time when humanity is facing a holocaust that can only be compared to all out nuclear war in its magnitude, it should be shouting to the world that there is an existential emergency. At the peak of the nuclear arms race in the early 1980s, the religious community did speak out and many leaders achieved impact through dramatic acts of nonviolent civil disobedience at nuclear weapon facilities. But apart from the actions of some courageous individuals, today's leaders seem only willing to issue proclamations and only a tiny number have joined the protests in the streets.

At precisely the time when a powerful voice like that of the prophet Isaiah in the Judeo-Christian tradition is needed, the religious community as a whole has been complicit in a terrible and indefensible silence while this catastrophe approaches. The definition of sin is "a transgression of a religious or moral law, especially when deliberate." [8] How can it be said that this definition does not fit such complicity and overwhelmingly tragic moral failure in the face of a possible wipe-out of God's Creation? The magnificence of life - and how it stands to be decimated by such catastrophe - is depicted with breathtaking cinematography in a film entitled "Home". [9]

Jesus wept - painting by Erik Hollander

"Though seeing, they do not see;
though hearing, they do not hear or understand....
For this people's heart has become calloused;
They hardly hear with their ears,
And they have closed their eyes."
- words of Jesus in Matthew 13

Exclusive Focus on Tar Sands Oil Blocking Awareness of Other Imminent and Equally Dangerous Threats -
The climate movement has come a long way. A major coalition has formed in opposition to the tar sands pipeline, and many good-hearted people are giving their all - including nonviolent civil disobedience - in spirited resistance. This writer is a part of that campaign. 350.org in particular deserves praise for becoming the "conscience" of this struggle. The money power of the industry has forced a pitched battle, and it is quite understandable that such a protracted struggle consumes resources.

Keystone XL Pipeline protest - photo taken Feb 13, 2013 - from: flickr.com/photos/tarsandsaction/ 
However, a quite serious problem has emerged from the current single-minded focus on tar sands. The tremendous threat presented by the Arctic meltdown is simply being shunted aside. Bill McKibben - spokesperson for 350.org - reminds over and over in his writings that the laws of physics cannot be stopped. Those same laws are now dismantling the Arctic ice cover, a drastic change that will lead to drastic consequences. McKibben acknowledges such in communications with this writer, yet the posted material of 350.org does not even mention this gathering emergency - let alone issue any kind of warning to the public. It is entirely correct that "doing the math" requires that remaining fossil fuel reserves be left in the ground. But presenting that as the single focus of concern is glaringly and even dangerously incomplete. The "front line" in terms of the most imminent and unstoppable tipping point staring humanity in the face is the threat of releasing nature's own vast stockpile of global warming gases in the Arctic, and yet the very group being looked to for leadership on the climate issue has been inexplicably silent.

Though some success has been gained in "breaking through" to media coverage on tar sands, this does not make the other threats go away. The frightening consequences of climate disruption are unfortunately not lining up in single file. As such, humanity is now faced with yet another "inconvenient truth". The climate coalition - and most particularly 350.org as a leading force - has a responsibility in this situation to convey all relevant facts to both the public and policymakers, and it is presently failing to do so.

The Most Colossal Moral Tragedy -

"The eyes of the future are looking back at us and they are praying for us to see beyond our own time."
- Terry Tempest Williams

Who stands up for the children? - screenshot from children against climate change protest video
Children sing out for their future in this gut-wrenching music video. [10] The region of earth now facing the most imminent "tipping point" is the Arctic. It is an emergency situation requiring immediate prioritization and preventative action. No scientist can predict an exact date when a large methane release or unstoppable methane "runaway" may be triggered. But there is also no credible scientist who can deny that the conditions for such are now forming. Some advocate that geo-engineering research be stepped up to prepare for a last gasp effort at regaining control. But opposition to even such research is increasing the likelihood that humanity may well run out of options.

We are sliding closer and closer to the brink of a methane-heated hell on earth. If temperatures shoot up 10 degrees C or more (well within current projections), we could well find ourselves involuntarily tethered to an unstoppable "doomsday machine" leading to a parched wasteland facing a ghastly wipe-out of life comparable to what happened 250 million years ago. It would become the greatest tragedy imaginable not only because of the scale of destruction but also because there was a real opportunity to prevent it and yet those who tried to issue a warning were ignored. Those engaged in a life or death struggle on a ravaged planet would not look back kindly on this unspeakable failure to address the unmistakable warning signs raging in our faces.

 Drought in Somali (2011, part image) - credit: Cate Turton/Department for International Development

It would be easy to place all blame on those blindly seeking profit from fossil fuels. But the other segments of our society - those that supposedly existed to provide clear thinking and act as a counterweight to the forces of raw greed - would also have failed. That is why it would qualify as the most colossal moral tragedy in human history. In the final analysis, all words fail to do justice. What words could possibly convey the moral atrocity of taking this majestic earth and sacred gift of abundant life and rendering it dessicated and lifeless? As David Orr points out, there is no language for self-imposed, "willfully caused" extinction. Though perhaps these words from Martin Luther King and the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley grope in the right direction?

"Over the bleached bones and jumbled residues of numerous civilizations are written the pathetic words, Too late."
- Martin Luther King [11]

Human remains - photo credit: Kiril Kapustin at ImagesFromBulgaria.com

"And on the pedestal these words appear:
'My name is Ozymandias, king of kings:
Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!'

Nothing beside remains. Round the decay
Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare
The lone and level sands stretch far away."
- from Shelley's poem "Ozymandias"

Desolate world - image courtesy of Gualberto107/ FreeDigitalPhotos.net


SOURCE LINKS FOR PART TWO:

  1. The Day After - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  2. An American Life
  3. The Day After Nuclear Attack Scene - YouTube
  4. NSIDC Press Release: UNEP report urges policymakers to account for thawing permafrost ...
  5. Envisionation Interview: David Wasdell On the IPCC & Scientific ... [8 minute clip]
  6. Washington Post: U.S., China Got Climate Warnings Toned Down
  7. The tragic failure of the scientific community to issue ... - Arctic News
  8. Sin - definition of Sin by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and ...
  9. HOME - YouTube Home (2009 film) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  10. Children's choir singing 'Cool the World' ... - YouTube
  11. Martin Luther King Jr.'s 1967 Riverside Church speech, ' Beyond ...


ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Gary Houser has just become a dad for the first time. Three days after his full-page commentary appeared in a local newspaper, his house was vandalized, computers and phones were either stolen or destroyed, phone lines were ripped out and the entire plumbing was severed and stolen. His car had the wheels removed and the windshield bashed in. Gary moved elsewhere and is now working to rehab an old house in disrepair and trying to get back on his feet with subsistence income, using an old computer and dial-up line to write his posts.  


Wednesday, May 15, 2013

Draft


Friday, September 21, 2012

draft


Draft sea ice







Under construction


Saturday, August 18, 2012

Test form

Sunday, July 01, 2012

Posts Sam Carana


Further posts by Sam Carana 


Posts and related posts — 12 posts jointly received over 100,000 views, and that's without counting repeat visits. Some 100 of the posts below have received over 1000 views each, 63 of which have attracted over 1000 views on their own, while a further 36 posts attracted over 1000 views jointly with duplicate posts or closely-related posts elsewhere. 

The blogs below have jointly attracted about 100,000 views:
Writer, blogger and editor at:
Geo-engineering blog (53275 views)
Arctic News (29297 views)
SamCarana blog (4664 views)
Global Warming Action Plan (1864 views)
Sustainable Economy (1828 views)
Views blog (1509 views)
Change our world (1455 views)
Feebates blog (1421 views)
The Biochar Economy (875 views)
Methane Hydrates (815 views)
Transportation Electrification (441 views)
Arctic Methane (361 views)
Clathrates (70 views)
and further blogs, with 1059 Profile views in 2011.

Writer and moderator at Google & Yahoo groups - 2671 messages at 179 Google groups (1508 ratings) incl: 965 at Epistemology (1985 members)

Gather author with hundreds of posts | 14675 Profile visits | 745 friends | 96 pings | 1000+ comments

Below are posts at Gather with links to related posts. For many posts, combining earlier versions, updates and similar posts at Blogger and Knol can raise total views to over 1000. For latest figures on pageviews and comments, click on the respective post, or go to Sam Carana's posts and select "most viewed posts".


views: 21663 | comments: 28 | Apr 8, 2007 — 29047 views with Recommendations to deal with global warming (Aug 14, 2010, 1069 views) and blogpost (1239 views)  previously at knol (5076 views) 

views: 17585 | comments: 42 | Mar 7, 2007 — 28282 views with blogpost (330 views) previously at knol (10357 views) — See Dangers of Global Warming - update (Apr 16, 2008), blog Change-our-world, The Scream up for auction (Mar 8, 2012, 89 views) and Spring comes early (May 2, 2012, 106 views) 

views: 13768 | comments: 151 | Feb 15, 2009 — 17305 views with post previously at knol (3537 views)

views: 10520 | comments: 65 | May 15, 2008


views: 8577 | comments: 92 | Sep 1, 2008


views: 7477 | comments: 36 | Oct 6, 2007 — See blog Agrichar (587 views), geo-engineering blogpost (153 views) and Sam Carana blog (167 views)

views: 4729 | comments: 17 | Oct 9, 2008


views: 4264 | comments: 25 | Apr 20, 2008


views: 3543 | comments: 13 | May 4, 2008 — See First Solar to build 2 gigawatt solar power plant in China (Sep 18, 2009, 207 views), Solar Power News - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (375 views), Solar Farms on former Nuclear Test Site (Feb 27, 2012, 82 views) and Roof tiles that change color with temperature (Oct 11, 2009, 300 views) — on Solar Roadways, see Five Electrifying Transport Ideas (Nov 17, 2009) and First Solar joins Desertec (Mar 17, 2010)

views: 3352 | comments: 21 | Oct 22, 2007; updated Jul 14, 2009 — Updates Agrichar (Oct 6, 2007) — See blog Agrichar (574 views), Soil as carbon sink (June 2, 2008), Urban Food Forest (Mar 2, 88 views), previous post at knol Biochar (3003 views) and The Biochar Economy (Sep 26, 2011, 260 views), blog (857 views) and blogpost (172 views, earlier at knol 102 views)  

views: 3206 | comments: 7 | Apr 20, 2009 — 7472 views with blogpost with several signatories (4275 views)

views: 3109 | comments: 9 | Apr 3, 2008


views: 2985 | comments: 38 | Jun 9, 2008 — See Kerry and Lieberman - the American Power Act (May 13, 2010, 468 views), The FeeBate Debate (Dec 28, 2007, 440 views), Global warming calls for global commitment and local action (Sep 19, 2008, 255 views), A Framework of Greenhouse Gas FeeBates (Mar 6, 2008, 291 views), knol Feebates (1715 views), knol Feebates are most effective (987 views), blog Feebates (1104 views), blogpost Sam Carana (36 views), What characterizes our Times? (Apr 3, 2007, 433 views), What most defines our Times? (Sep 3, 2011, 318 views) and Why both capitalism and socialism are dead! (Aug 13, 2007, 151 views)

views: 2749 | comments: 51 | May 28, 2009 — 3968 views with knol (1219 views) — See Setting the record straight on energy (Sep 26, 2009) and Clean Energy Standard? (May 5, 2011) — on biofuel, see Algae Bags (Apr 30, 2009)

views: 2615 | comments: 28 | Nov 10, 2007 — See The Hydrogen Economy (Sep 17, 2007), Breakthroughs open door for the Hydrogen Economy (Aug 1, 2008) and Hydrogen - efficiency (Sep 19, 2007)

views: 2506 | comments: 22 | Apr 30, 2010 — Update at blogpost Removing carbon from the Air — on biofuel, see Biochar, What will power your next car? (May 28, 2009) and comments under post by Chris W (Feb 2008)

views: 2330 | comments: 19 | May 22, 2008 — See Vehicle to Home (V2H) - Electric cars to power homes (Jul 9, 2011, 487 views)

views: 2273 | comments: 15 | Jan 28, 2009


views: 2250 | comments: 17 | Apr 14, 2008 — 2961 views with post previously at knol (720 views)

views: 2056 | comments: 25 | Oct 23, 2008 — See Algae Bags (Apr 30, 2009) and blogposts Funding of Carbon Air Capture (447 views) and Removing carbon from air (449 views), previously also at knol as Funding of Carbon Air Capture (4409 views), and Artificial Trees (May 7, 2007, 527 views)

views: 1982 | comments: 68 | Apr 24, 2008


views: 1967 | comments: 8 | Oct 12, 2008

views: 1892 | comments: 13 | Feb 27, 2010


views: 1833 | comments: 31 | Dec 20, 2008


views: 1770 | comments: 14 | May 18, 2008


views: 1745 | comments: 28 | Dec 17, 2007


views: 1713 | comments: 9 | Jul 6, 2009 — 3037 views with post previously at knol (1324 views)

'Repower America' ad refused by ABC
views: 1677 | comments: 28 | Oct 8, 2008 — See The 2010 Snake Oil Award (Oct 20, 2010, 419 views)
views: 1664 | comments: 49 | Jan 7, 2011 — 2353 views with blogpost (689 views) — Updates Arctic Sea Ice Falls Below 2007 Low and updates at When will Arctic waters be ice-free? (Aug 16, 2011, 143 views), Arctic sea ice on track to reach zero within a few years (Jun 14, 2012, 49 views) and Arctic sea ice area falling rapidly (June 17, 2012)

views: 1592 | comments: 85 | Sep 21, 2007 — See Tax the sale of meat! (Sep 1, 2007, 105 views), knol Biochar and A more responsible Livestock sector (Mar 1, 2010, 348 views) and Olaf Schuiling proposes olivine rock grinding (Aug 17, 2011) — On Health, see What most defines our Times? (Sep 3, 2001) and comments at Fat tax: right idea, wrong approach by Steve B. (Apr 12, 2002) and Climate change impacts and the risk to your health by Steve B. (Jun 17, 2011)

views: 1564 | comments: 60 | Mar 18, 2008 — See blog Change-our-world (updated: May 20, 2008, 1071 views)

views: 1553 | comments: 26 | Nov 7, 2007 — See Cheap electric cars, part 2 (Apr 3, 2008)

views: 1505 | comments: 127 | Nov 13, 2007  —  See Communities without Roads (Sep 26, 2007)

views: 1477 | comments: 15 | Dec 8, 2009

views: 1435 | comments: 14 | Jun 22, 2008 — See The Copenhagen Wheel for Bicycles (Aug 25, 2010, 326 views)

views: 1424 | comments: 32 | Aug 1, 2008 — See The Hydrogen Economy (Mar 31, 2008), The Hydrogen Economy - effective policies needed (May 31, 2008), Hydrogen - efficiency (Sep 19, 2007) and Iceland, the First Hydrogen Society (Nov 10, 2007)

views: 1396 | comments: 43 | Nov 19, 2008 — Update at Superb Grid (Jan 10, 2010)

views: 1375 | comments: 9 | Jul 22, 2009 — See Wild Green Yonder (Nov 2, 2007), Green Flight Challenge (April 11, 2010) and All-electric airplane sets new speed record (July 5, 2011, 67 views)

views: 1365 | comments: 41 | Jul 16, 2009 — See Beijing's policy to combat pollution from vehicles (Jan 4, 2009, 313 views)

views: 1301 | comments: 20 | Dec 5, 2009


views: 1298 | comments: 36 | Feb 29, 2008 — See Clean Energy Ministerial (July 21, 2010) and Introducing Solar Cooking to the World (Feb 18, 2008)


views: 1295 | comments: 69 | Sep 19, 2007 — See The Hydrogen Economy (Sep 17, 2007), Iceland, the world's first hydrogen society (Nov 10, 2007), The Hydrogen Economy - effective policies needed (May 31, 2008), Breakthroughs open door to Hydrogen Economy (Aug 1, 2008)

views: 1268 | comments: 37 | Nov 28, 2007 — 1385 views with blog post (117 views)


views: 1267 | comments: 19 | May 21, 2009


views: 1257 | comments: 15 | Apr 16, 2008 — Updates a number of posts, including Ten Dangers of Global Warming — See blog Change our World (updated: May 20, 2008, 1131 views), based on An 80% cut in greenhouse gas emissions by 2020

views: 1201 | comments: 20 | Apr 8, 2008


views: 1197 | comments: 51 | Feb 3, 2009 — 2251 views with blog cap-and-trade (38 views) and post previously at knol (1016 views)  — See Global Warming - cap and trade or tax? (Apr 6, 2007), Clean Energy Standard? (May 5, 2011), California's Climate Change Proposals (Nov 25, 2008), blog Cap and Capture

views: 1197 | comments: 24 | Jul 16, 2010


views: 1192 | comments: 82 | Jun 15, 2007 — 2295 views with Global Warming - Tax or Standards? (Jun 26, 2007, 690 views) and Global Warming - cap and trade or tax? (Apr 6, 2007, 428 views) — See Open Letter warning President Obama about a Global Cap-and-Trade Scheme (Feb 3, 2009), Cap-and-trade is dead - new proposal includes fees (Mar 9, 2010, 600 views), Clean Energy Standard? (May 4, 2011), blog cap-and-capture (200 views) and knol Feebates

views: 1180 | comments: 40 | Jan 15, 2008 — 1298 views with duplicate at The Distributed Grid (118 views)

views: 1150 | comments: 66 | Mar 27, 2008 — See blog Change our world (updated: May 20, 2008) and Antarctica is warming up (Jan 22, 2009)

views: 1148 | comments: 18 | Apr 10, 2008


views: 1143 | comments: 58 | Mar 20, 2009


views: 1127 | comments: 48 | May 17, 2008


views: 1108 | comments: 29 | Jan 16, 2011 — See blogpost (283 views) and blog (1785 views) previously at knol (1834 views) and at knol Action Plan (Mar 2011, 596 views) — Update at Comprehensive Plan of Action

views: 1106 | comments: 18 | Jan 10, 2010 — Updates Supergrid (Nov 19, 2008)


views: 1099 | comments: 21 | Jul 22, 2009 — 1239 views with Hydrogen cars (Sep 28, 2007, 140 views)

views: 1090 | comments: 13 | Mar 19, 2010


views: 1075 | comments: 16 | Jan 22, 2009 — See Antarctica ice shelf collapse (March 27, 2008)

views: 1032 | comments: 97 | Feb 22, 2008 — 1443 views with knol (411 views)


views: 1021 | comments: 18 | May 5, 2008 — Update at Towards a Sustainable Economy (May 19, 2009)

views: 1019 | comments: 2 | Dec 11, 2009


views: 1000 | comments: 29 | Feb 18, 2008 — See Clean Energy Ministerial (Jul 21, 2010) and When will we see the light (Feb 29, 2008)
views: 930 | comments: 48 | Sep 13, 2007 — See Electric vehicles increase potential of wind turbines and knol by Bernardus, Sustainable Energy Plan in Scientific American (Dec 15, 2009)


views: 892 | comments: 10 | Dec 27, 2009 — Update at blogpost The Threat of Methane Release from Permafrost and Clathrates (previously at knol)

views: 871 | comments: 50 | Oct 1, 2007 — 1223 views with Wind could power all UK homes by 2020 (Dec 11, 2007, 358 views) — See Combat Global Warming with Evaporative Cooling (Oct 25, 2007, 502 views), knol Electric vehicles increase potential of wind turbines (593 views) and post (292 views) by Bernardus, Wind Lens improves wind turbines (Aug 30, 2011, 481 views, earlier at knol as America needs more wind turbines - onshore and offshore (42 views) and theenergycollective — On bird kill and health impact of wind turbines, see comments at All Responses to Climate Change Are Not Equal by Steve B. (Aug 9, 2010) and post by David K. (his comment Feb 17, 2011)

views: 861 | comments: 3 | Mar 8, 2010

views: 836 | comments: 11 | Apr 4, 2008 — 1082 views with Hydrogen can power airplanes without greenhouse gas emissions (246 views, Oct 21, 2007) — See Wild Green Yonder (Nov 2, 2007) and Green Flight Challenge (Apr 11, 2010) and The e-Spyder Electric Ultralight Plane (Jul 22, 2009)

views: 834 | comments: 6 | Apr 11, 2010 — 2326 views with knol (1494 views) -- also see Wild Green Yonder (Nov 2, 2007, 400 views), Boeing succussfully flies hydrogen plane (Apr 4, 2008) and The e-Spyder Electric Ultralight Plane (Jul 22, 2009)

views: 823 | comments: 20 | Aug 7, 2009 — 1959 views with post previously at knol Target 2020 (1138 views) — See An 80% cut in greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 (Mar 18, 2008)



views: 793 | comments: 22 | Jun 7, 2009 — 1498 views with post previously at knol Subaru Stella (705 views)


views: 792 | comments: 18 | Jun 2, 2009


views: 784 | comments: 3 | Jul 21, 2010 — See Introducing solar cooking to the world (Feb 18, 2008), When will we see the light? (Feb 29, 2008), 1 million electric vehicles on the road by 2015 (Feb 9, 2011) and Four Principles for Comprehensive Climate and Energy Legislation (Jul 21, 2010, 464 views)


views: 782 | comments: 10 | Sep 22, 2009 — 1196 views with blogpost Biomass (104 views), previously also at knol (310 views)  — See blogpost (originally knol) Vortex towers could vegetate deserts (456 views)


views: 781 | comments: 7 | Mar 10, 2009 - with several signatories — 1099 views with geo-engineering blogpost (318 views)

views: 768 | comments: 117 | Sep 29, 2007 — 1487 views with Japan faces Nuclear Meltdown? (Mar 12, 2011, 719 views)

views: 762 | comments: 10 | May 19, 2009 — 3421 views with blogpost (804 views)  previously at knol (1855 views) — updates Four Cycles of a Sustainable Economy (Jan 13, 2009, 764 views) and A national bottle recycling bill (May 5, 2008)


views: 755 | comments: 25 | Jan 4, 2010 — See Clean Energy Standard? (May 5, 2011), blog Save our Climate (11 views) and blogpost The Biochar Economy (with references to the Australian Carbon Tax regulatory package)

views: 754 | comments: 38 | Dec 25, 2007





views: 749 | comments: 30 | Dec 24, 2007 — 1534 views with update (Jan 25, 2008, 525 views) and post previously at knol (260 views) — See Electric vehicles increase potential of wind turbines by Bernardus

views: 737 | comments: 54 | Dec 31, 2010 — 1328 views with knol (199 views, meanwhile ended), Does Obama show leadership on the transition away from fossil fuels? (Jun 5, 2010, 292 views) and Five bucks a gallon (Mar 14, 2012, 100 views) — Update at America can win the clean energy race (Dec 30, 2010), Clean Energy Standard? (May 5, 2011) — See Electric Drive Vehicle Deployment Act of 2010 (May 29, 2010), Tax package - another missed opportunity to get things right (Dec 18, 2010) and 1 million electric vehicles on the road by 2015 (Feb 9, 2011)

views: 728 | comments: 14 | Dec 15, 2009 — 1282 views with First Solar joins Desertec (Mar 17, 2010, 554 views) — See Solar Grand Plan by Chris Wiegard and Electric vehicles increase potential of wind turbines by Bernardus

views: 707 | comments: 16 | Jan 28, 2008 — 1193 views with Green GT electric race car (October 25, 2009, 149 views) and Electric car goes for speed record (Aug 13, 2010, 337 views)

views: 702 | comments: 320 | Aug 13, 2008 — 839 views with copies by JG (96 views) and DD (42 views) — Update at Tax package - another missed opportunity to get things right (Dec 18, 2010)

views: 691 | comments: 31 | Dec 26, 2009


views: 684 | comments: 66 | May 15, 2011 — 1864 views with Shooting the messenger (Feb 20, 2011, 278 views) and In case you were confused, global warming is real! (Feb 9, 2010, 902 views)

views: 681 | comments: 16 | Apr 1, 2008 — See Topaz Solar Farm - 550 MW (May 4, 2008), Tower Skin fits photovoltaic cocoon around buildings (Feb 21, 2010, 330 views) and Electric vehicles increase potential of wind turbines, by Bernardus

views: 677 | comments: 15 | Nov 21, 2008


views: 666 | comments: 19 | Mar 24, 2009 — See Ditch the Dollar (Dec 1, 2007, 212 views), How about taxing financial transactions? (Jan 2, 2008, 258 views, 260 comments), I.O.U.S.A. (Aug 9, 2008, 294 views) and The Biochar Economy (Sep 26, 2011)



views: 651 | comments: 30 | Apr 17, 2010 — 2209 views with knol We want EVs now (1558 views) — See knols Myths about Electric Vehicles (391 views), and EV FAQ, both with Bernardus

views: 649 | comments: 46 | May 29, 2010


views: 638 | comments: 8 | Dec 26, 2008


views: 625 | comments: 2 | Aug 20, 2009 — 2080 views with post earlier at knol The Lynx (1458 views)

views: 614 | comments: 50 | Jun 24, 2010


views: 597 | comments: 42 | Dec 30, 2010 — 1793 views with post at EnergyCollective (1197 views) — See knol America can win the clean energy race (551 views), now at  transport electrification blog, and Clean Energy Standard? (May 4, 2011)

views: 596 | comments: 35 | Jun 26, 2010 — 1396 views with blogpost Open letter on Arctic sea ice loss (717 views) and knol (86 views, meanwhile ended) — See blogposts Open Letter to Major Economies Forum (Apr 20, 2009) and Call for action (Apr 18, 2011, 43 views) — See posts at Arctic-new under U.N. Climate Agreement (Dec 11, 2011)

views: 591 | comments: 13 | Sep 5, 2008



views: 584 | comments: 69 | Feb 9, 2011 — 1410 views with President Obama announces $50 billion transport infrastructure investment (Sep 6, 2010, 415 views), Four innovation breakthroughs thanks to Recovery Act (Aug 28, 2010, 404 views) — See Clean Energy Ministerial (Jul 21, 2010), Electric Drive Vehicle Deployment Act of 2010 (May 29, 2010) and EV Everywhere (Mar 10, 2012, 54 views)

views: 583 | comments: 35 | Feb 9, 2008 — 1593 views with EPA: Greenhouse Gases constitute Threat (Dec 7, 2009, 618 views) and EPA action on fossil fuel power plants and petroleum refineries (Dec 23, 2010, 393 views) — See EPA - Environmental Pollution Agency? (Mar 14, 2008, 143 views), Republicans reject budget cuts!!! (March 5, 2011), Shooting the messenger (Feb 20, 2011) and New Zealand bans new power plants that burn fossil fuel Dec 5, 2007, 117 views)

views: 571 | comments: 20 | Aug 2, 2009 — 1851 views with earlier post at knol (1277 views) and What if everything ran on gas? - Nissan Leaf ad (May 27, 2011, 185 views)

views: 569 | comments: 37 | May 5, 2011 — 1467 views with Renewable Electricity Promotion Act of 2010 (Sep 29, 2010, 525 views) and The Lugar Practical Energy and Climate Plan (Jun 8, 2010, 373 views) — See Ten reasons why America can win the clean energy race (Dec 30, 2010), Global Warming - Tax or Standards? (Jun 26, 2007), blog Feebates and Energy Independence, who's against that? by Steve B. (Apr 1, 2010) and Stop the Pipeline (Aug 4, 2011, 339 views)


views: 550 | comments: 13 | Apr 11, 2009


views: 542 | comments: 16 | May 31, 2008 — 957 views with The Hydrogen Economy (Sep 17, 2007, 415 views) — See Hydrogen - efficiency (Sep 19, 2007), Iceland, the world's first hydrogen society (Nov 10, 2007), Breakthroughs open door to Hydrogen Economy (Aug 1, 2008)

views: 535 | comments: 147 | Nov 6, 2007 — also see The Hydrogen Economy (Sep 17, 2007), The Hydrogen Economy - effective policies needed (May 31, 2008), Iceland, the first hydrogen society (Nov 10, 2007) and Breakthroughs open door to hydrogen economy (Aug 1, 2008)

views: 530 | comments: 20 | Nov 17, 2009 — Previously also at knol as Ten most electrifying Transport Ideas of 2009 (2589 views) and update as Ten most Electrifying Transport Ideas (2311 views)

views: 525 | comments: 3 | Aug 15, 2009 — 5598 views with post earlier at knol Electric Vehicles - Frequently Asked Questions (5073 views), now EVs FAQs at the transport electrification blog (353 views)

More Electric Vehicles on the way
views: 520 | comments: 23 | Dec 5, 2010 — 1077 views with Tesla Roadster (Dec 9, 2007, 312 views) and Revenge of the Electric Car (Dec 11, 2010, 246 views)

Methane in the Arctic on the rise
views: 520 | comments: 12 | Feb 22, 2010 — 4860 views with blogpost The Threat of Methane Release from Permafrost and Clathrates, previously at knol (4340 views) — See blogpage Methane linked to Seismic Activity in the Arctic (183 views), blogpost Arctic Methane Emergency Group Letter to World Leaders, blogpost Arctic Methane Alert (Dec 7, 2011, 214 views), blogpost Arctic methane alert (17 views), blogpage Warming in the Arctic (310 views), blogpage Potential for methane release (374 views, earlier at knol) and blogpost Potential for methane releases in the Arctic (154 views)

views: 516 | comments: 18 | Oct 2, 2010 — See blog Energy Generators (16 views)


views: 514 | comments: 21 | Dec 18, 2009 — 995 views with Japan Post gets electric cars (Jun 3, 2008, 481 views)

views: 502 | comments: 6 | Dec 19, 2009 — 604 views with Obama's speech to the Copenhagen climate summit (Dec 18, 2009, 103 views)

views: 499 | comments: 9 | Aug 13, 2009
views: 488 | comments: 46 | Apr 2, 2009 — 1244 views with Global Treaty banning nuclear weapons (Mar 21, 2008, 578 views) and A Global Treaty Banning All Nuclear Weapons (Oct 30, 2007, 178 views)

views: 478 | comments: 6 | Aug 25, 2010


views: 463 | comments: 20 | Dec 18, 2010 — 1102 views with Republicans reject budget cuts!!! (Mar 5, 2011, 444 views) and President Obama's call to stop subsidizing the oil industry (Mar 4, 2012, 57 views) and Energy Policy (May 11, 2012, 162 views) — updates Off-shore drilling - a failed political stunt (Aug 13, 208) — also Transport troubles . . . and how to resolve them (Dec 31, 2010), Ten Reasons why America can win the clean energy race (Dec 30, 2010) and 2010 emissions worst ever (May 31, 2011)

views: 461 | recommended: 8 | May 24, 2010 — 724 views with Electric car drives 623 miles (1,003km) on single charge (264 views)

views: 458 | comments: 22 | Apr 10, 2011


views: 455 | comments: 32 | Sep 26, 2007 — 1047 views blog (463 views), as previously at knol (129 views) — Also Small houses - perfect for communities without roads (Nov 13, 2007)

views: 452 | comments: 8 | Sep 10, 2009 — See Tariffs on imports from polluting countries? (Feb 16, 2008, 389 views)

views: 448 | comments: 7, Aug 31, 2010


views: 444 | comments: 9, Aug 15, 2010


views: 432 | comments: 18 | Apr 15, 2011 — 1832 views with blogpost (448 views, earlier at knol 891 views), blog (23 views) — See: How would you allocate US$10 million per year to most reduce climate risk? (Apr 19, 2011, 439 views), blogpost (85 views), Earthquake rattles Washington DC (Aug 24, 2011, 235 views), blogpost Runaway Warming (141 views) previously at knol (52 views), blog (6 views), blogpost (162 views) — See also: Dangers of Arctic methane releases: the figures (earlier at knol 263 views), Methane linked to Seismic Activity in the Arctic (192 views, earlier at knol 521 views), Thermal Expansion of the Earth's Crust Necessitates Geo-engineering (earlier at knol 187 views), blogpost (178 views), Arctic temperature anomalies September 2011 (154 views, earlier at knol 248 views), The use of beamed interfering radio transmitters by M. Light (435 views, earlier at knol 43 views), Stratospheric Methane Global Warming Veil by M. Light (earlier at knol 43 views), Can we capture methane from the Arctic seabed? by S. Salter (162 views), How much time is there left to act? by M. Light (411 views), How much time is there left to act? (May 6, 2012, 323 views) Message to the Survivors (Mar 15, 2012, 114 views), Global Extinction within one Human Lifetime, by M. Light (Feb 23, 2012, 4788 views), Arctic - red alert! (May 11, 2012, 69 views), Abrupt Local Warming (May 15, 2012, 154 views)

views: 391 | comments: 17 | Mar 21, 2011 — 1122 views with Earth Hour - Saturday March 27, 2010, 8:30pm (Mar 23, 2010, 731 views) — See Earth Day - April 22, 2010 (407 views)

views: 345 | comments: 33 | Jul 09, 2010 — See Will America be a desert by 2100? and Earth on Fire (June 30, 2012, 33 views)

views: 325 | comments: 10 | Apr 29, 2008 — 2162 views with  blog Views (916 views) and blog Climate change action plan (783 views) previously at knol (138 views)

views: 320 | comments: 13 | Jul 13, 2011 — 1527 views with theenergycollective post Feebates - The Most Effective Way to Accomplish Shifts (288 views), The way back to 280 ppm (202 views), theenergycollective (527 views), blogpost (previously at knol, 103 views), blogpost (91 views)  — See Energy Policy (May 11, 2012), Olaf Schuiling proposes olivine rock grinding (Aug 17, 2011, 501 views), Going Climate Neutral (Mar 3, 2008), OECD: start focusing on the environment (Mar 6, 2008, 245 views) and Global Warming Action - discussing alternatives

views: 286 | comments: 6 | Feb 6, 2010


views: 286 | comments: 4 | Nov 23, 2009 — 3815 views with More by Sam Carana (Mar 17, 2010, 330 views), More by Sam Carana (Feb 9, 2010, 65 views), More by Sam Carana (Dec 24, 2009, 167 views), Sam Carana's 100 most viewed posts (Sep 14, 2009, 122 views) and knol Posts with over 1000 views at gather (2821 views)

views: 282 | comments: 16 | Feb 14, 2008 — See Cleaning up International Aviation (Nov 8, 2011)

views: 273 | comments: 5 | Jun 2, 2008 — See Biochar (Oct 22, 2007) and Agrichar (Oct 6, 2007)

views: 254 | comments: 19 | May 31, 2011


views: 243 | comments: 13 | Jun 30, 2011


views: 196 | comments: 8 | Nov 8, 2011 — 290 views with knol Oxygenating the Arctic (95 views), now at Arctic-news, and message at geo-engineering group — See Shipping emissions grossly underestimated (Feb 14, 2008), Wind Lens improves wind turbines (Aug 30, 2011), blogpost The threat of methane release from permafrost and clathrates and blogpost Funding of carbon air capture

views: 194 | comments: 9 | Nov 14, 2011 — 329 views with blogpost (70 views) and blogpage  Proposals to most effectively shift towards a more sustainable economy (earlier at knol where it got 66 views) — See blogpost Towards a Sustainable Economy and blogpost The way back to 280ppm, blog Sustainable Economy and blog 280ppm

views: 185 | comments: 11 | Jun 3, 2011 — 2193 views with post at Energycollective (1444 views), blogpost (51 views, earlier at knol 511 views)


views: 154 | comments: 4 | Dec 11, 2011 — 655 views with Cancรบn hangs on to ineffective Kyoto model (Dec 11,2010, 238 views) and Beyond Kyoto (Feb 27, 2008, 261 views) — See Copenhagen Accord (Dec 19, 2009), What will Bali bring? (Nov 30, 2007, 124 views), Going Climate Neutral (Mar 3, 2008, 270 views) and Bonn UN Climate Change Talks (Jun 2, 2009, 349 views) — See also blogpage Comprehensive Plan of Action